Type 2 Diabetes Leukopak
LeukoCore Type 2 Diabetes Leukopak products contain concentrated immune cells from donors with clinically confirmed Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), collected via apheresis. Ideal for high-yield studies on chronic low-grade inflammation, monocyte polarisation, immunometabolism and immune-metabolic interactions, with stratification by glycaemic control and treatment regimen.
LeukoCore Type 2 Diabetes Leukopak for Immunometabolism Research
LeukoCore Type 2 Diabetes Leukopak products are collected from IRB-consented donors with a clinically confirmed diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) through apheresis. Each leukopak yields large quantities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, making it suited to studies that need substantial cell numbers from a single well-characterised metabolic donor — immune cell subset isolation, multi-omics, and repeat assays from the same lot.
Metabolic Dysfunction and Immune Cell Biology in Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease defined by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues together with progressive beta-cell dysfunction, resulting in chronic hyperglycaemia. It is not an autoimmune disease — that distinction belongs to type 1 diabetes — but it is accompanied by a persistent low-grade inflammatory state that meaningfully alters circulating leukocytes.
- Chronic low-grade inflammation is a well-established feature of T2D, with adipose tissue-derived mediators contributing to a systemic inflammatory tone often described as metaflammation.
- Monocytes and macrophages show altered activation and polarisation in T2D, linking metabolic state to innate immune function and to the vascular complications of the disease.
- Sustained hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia change leukocyte metabolic substrate availability, which makes T2D leukopaks a natural source for immunometabolism and Seahorse-style bioenergetic work.
- The IL-1 beta and inflammasome axis has been directly implicated in beta-cell dysfunction, providing a mechanistically grounded target for ex vivo stimulation studies.
- Impaired host defence and altered infection risk in diabetes give a functional rationale for characterising phagocytosis, cytokine responsiveness and T cell function in this population.
- High cell yield from apheresis allows several enriched subsets to be derived from the same donor, so metabolic phenotype can be held constant across a panel of cell-based assays.
Donor Stratification Available
- Glycaemic control: HbA1c band where documented
- Treatment regimen: metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonist, SGLT2 inhibitor, insulin, combination therapy, or treatment-naive
- Disease duration since diagnosis
- Diabetic complications: nephropathy, retinopathy, or neuropathy where documented
- Body mass index category and obesity status
- Cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities, including hypertension and dyslipidaemia
- Matched healthy controls available
Product Features
- Research Use Only (RUO) human leukopaks
- Clinically confirmed T2D donors
- High cell yield for large-scale studies
- Processed and shipped within 24 hours of collection
- Fresh or cryopreserved options available
- IRB-approved and ethically sourced
- Infectious disease testing
- HLA-A typing
- Screen donors with LeukoLot™
De-identified Donor Data
- Verified type 2 diabetes diagnosis from healthcare providers
- Donor demographics: age, sex assigned at birth, race/ethnicity
- Self-reported medication history and allergies
- Glycaemic and metabolic laboratory values where documented
- Relevant clinical data, including comorbidities and complications
Applications
- Immune cell characterisation and immunophenotyping in T2D
- Monocyte and macrophage polarisation studies
- Immunometabolism and cellular bioenergetics assays
- Inflammasome and IL-1 beta pathway stimulation studies
- Cytokine profiling and functional response assays
- Isolation of enriched T, B, NK and monocyte subsets from a single metabolic donor
- Multi-omics studies including single-cell sequencing
- Therapeutic development, screening and pharmacodynamic assay support
Other Type 2 Diabetes Specimen Types
- Type 2 Diabetes PBMC
- Type 2 Diabetes CD3+ T Cells
- Type 2 Diabetes CD19+ B Cells
- Type 2 Diabetes CD56+ NK Cells
- Type 2 Diabetes Plasma
- Type 2 Diabetes Bulk Plasma
- Type 2 Diabetes Serum
- Type 2 Diabetes Whole Blood
Compliance and Quality Assurance
- Collected under IRB oversight with donor e-consent (21 CFR Part 11 compliant)
- HIPAA-compliant handling of donor information
- Rigorous donor screening and documentation
- Documentation support available for regulatory review
Ordering & Customization
Type 2 Diabetes Leukopak products are available fresh or cryopreserved. For pricing, or to check current availability across our full leukopak inventory and browse other disease-state options with live stock status, visit our human leukopak page. For international shipping or regulatory documentation, contact learnmore@sanguinebio.com to confirm regional compliance and shipping availability.
Protocols & Documentation
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Leukopak Cryopreservation
Standard operating procedure for cryopreserving leukopak units with controlled freezing and post-thaw viability targets.
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Leukopak Thawing
Validated thawing workflow for cryopreserved leukopaks to maximize recovery while maintaining sterility and chain of custody.
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Choosing the Right PBMC Configuration
Reference guide comparing PBMC formats, cryopreservation states, and study-fit recommendations for your application.
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Informed Consent Form (ICF)
Available upon request — confirms donor consent for research use and downstream commercialization.
Leukopak
Frequently Asked Questions
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YES – All collections are conducted under IRB-approved protocols and electronic informed consent. Sanguine utilizes Advarra and WCG IRB for oversight.
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YES – all our products are research use only (RUO).
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You can find our full product catalog here.
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Storage depends on sample type but often cryopreserved samples stored in liquid nitrogen can be stored for years.
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Extensive customization is available. To discuss your project request a quote or email us at learnmore@sanguinebio.com.
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Sanguine offers flexible prospective collection services tailored to fit your research. For more information and to request a quote, please see: our prospective biospecimen collection services page.
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Timelines depend on condition, sample type, and I/E criteria but we often start collection within 2 weeks of signed agreement.
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YES – we have in-stock inventory. You can also email us at learnmore@sanguinebio.com as we continually get new samples in our inventory.
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Each sample from a different individual – Unique donor means each sample comes from a different person, ensuring biological diversity in your study.
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YES – Unique donors can be specified and guaranteed based on your requirements.
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For information about sample quality, please see: Quality and Compliance
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YES – “IRB-approved collection protocols” and IRB approval documentation available upon request. Sanguine utilizes two internationally-recognized IRBs (Advarra and WCG IRB) for review and approval.
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Need a custom Leukopak cohort?
Our scientific team can scope prospective collections with donor-specific I/E criteria, typically starting within 2 weeks of agreement.